To ensure a vendor’s ‘no outgassing’ claim is valid, facility managers should request specific evidence and conduct thorough due diligence. Here are the key steps:
- Test reports under normal operation: Ask for lab data showing gas emission rates during standard charge/discharge cycles across the stated operating temperature range. The results should indicate ‘non-detectable’ or background-level emissions under normal conditions.
- Abuse test disclosures: While not part of normal operation, UL 9540A testing and UN 38.3 transport tests reveal how a battery behaves under stress. Vendors should provide summaries of these tests, including whether flaming or off-gassing was observed.
- Compliance certifications: For stationary systems, verify UL 1973 (battery system safety), UL 9540 (energy storage system), and UL 9540A (thermal runaway characterization). For transport, ensure UN 38.3 compliance.
- BMS feature set: Inspect whether the battery management system (BMS) includes per-cell voltage and temperature monitoring, enforces charge disable below 0°C, logs events, and supports remote lockout. These features are critical for preventing conditions that could lead to gas generation.
- Lifecycle and aging data: Request cycle life data at elevated temperatures and state of charge (SOC), as well as storage tests, to assess long-term stability and potential for gas-related swelling.
- Mechanical design review: Verify that the pack enclosure allows for slight expansion without compromising seals, especially for pouch cells, which are more prone to swelling.
By gathering this evidence, facility managers can convert marketing claims into actionable compliance and design inputs, reducing the need for costly ventilation infrastructure.
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