The Battery Management System (BMS) is critical for optimizing safety and performance in marine lithium batteries. Its functions include:Cell Monitoring: Tracks individual cell voltages, temperatures, and currents to prevent imbalances that could degrade performance.Protection Mechanisms: Enforces limits by disconnecting loads or chargers during overcharge, deep discharge, overcurrent, or low-temperature charging (below 0°C/32°F).Cell Balancing: Ensures uniform...