Safe loading relies on physics-driven strategies:
- Weight Distribution: Maintain even longitudinal balance (≤60/40 front/rear split) and low center of gravity. Use blocking/bracing to transfer acceleration forces to container walls.
- Floor Protection: Spread concentrated loads (e.g., metal racks) with plywood/steel plates to avoid exceeding floor plank limits.
- Palletization: Standardize pallets (e.g., GMA 40×48 in) and verify carton edge crush test (ECT) ratings. Avoid top-loading unless manufacturer-approved.
- Restraint: Combine anti-slip mats, friction-enhancing paper, airbags for side voids, and timber bracing at doors. PET strapping prevents terminal contact. Document all restraints with photos.
- Environmental Control: Manage condensation with desiccants/kraft liners and avoid heat sources. Monitor temperatures (15–25°C ideal).
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